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RSS订阅2002年6月试卷
Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Example: You will hear:
You will read:
A) 2 hours.
B) 3 hours.
C) 4 hours.
D) 5 hours.
From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at
1. A) Registering for courses.
B) Buying a new computer.
C) Getting directions.
D) Studying sociology.
2. A) The man will probably have to find a roommate.
B) The man is unlikely to live in the suburbs.
C) The man will probably have to buy a car.
D) The man in unlikely to find exactly what he desires.
3. A) Painting a picture.
B) Hosting a program.
C) Designing a studio.
D) Taking a photograph.
4. A) The woman doesn’t think it a problem to get her passport renewed.
B) The woman has difficulty renewing her passport.
C) The woman hasn’t renewed her passport yet.
D) The woman’s passport is still valid.
5. A) A prediction of the future of mankind.
B) A new drug that may benefit mankind
C) An opportunity for a good job.
D) an unsuccessful experiment.
6. A) A lesson requires students’ active involvement.
B) Students usually take an active part in a lecture.
C) More knowledge is covered in a lecture.
D) There is a larger group of people interested in lessons.
7. A) Neither of their watches keeps good time.
B) The woman’s watch stopped 3 hours ago.
C) The man’s watch goes too fast.
D) It’s too dark for the woman to read her watch.
8. A) She’s proud of being able to do many things at the same time.
B) She is sure to finish all the things in a few hours.
C) She dreams of becoming a millionaire someday.
D) She’s been kept extremely busy.
9. A) He wants his students to be on time for class.
B) He doesn’t allow his students to tell jokes in class.
C) He is always punctual for his class.
D) He rarely notices which students are late.
10. A) He is nervous about the exam.
B) He is looking for a job.
C) He doesn’t dare to tell lies.
D) He doesn’t know how to answer the questions.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage one
Question 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.
11. A) She was bored with her idle life at home.
B) She was offered a good job by her neighbour.
C) She wanted to help with the family’s finances.
D) Her family would like to see her more involved in social life.
12. A) Doing housework.
B) Looking after her neighbour’s children.
C) Reading papers and watching TV.
D) Taking good care of her husband.
13. A) Jane got angry at Bill’s idle life.
B) Bill failed to adapt to the new situation.
C) Bill blamed Jane for neglecting the family.
D) The children were not taken good care of.
14. A) Neighbours should help each other.
B) Women should have their own careers.
C) Man and wife should share household duties.
D) Parents should take good care of their children.
Passage Two
Questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.
15. A) To predict natural disasters that can cause vast destruction.
B) To limit the destruction that natural disasters may cause.
C) To gain financial support from the United Nations.
D) To propose measures to hold back natural disasters.
16. A) There is still a long way to go before man can control natural disasters.
B) International cooperation can minimize the destructive force of natural disasters.
C) Technology can help reduce the damage natural disasters may cause.
D) Scientists can successfully predict earthquakes.
17. A) There were fatal mistakes in its design.
B) The builder didn’t observe the building codes of the time.
C) The traffic load went beyond its capacity.
D) It was build according to less strict earthquake-resistance standards.
Passage Three
Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.
18. A) By judging to what extent they can eliminate the risks.
B) By estimating the possible loss of lives and property.
C) By estimating the frequency of volcanic eruptions.
D) By judging the possible risks against the likely benefits.
19. A) One of Etna’s recent eruptions made many people move away.
B) Etna’s frequent eruptions have ruined most of the local farmland.
C) Etna’s eruptions are frequent but usually mild.
D) There are signs that Etna will erupt again in the near future.
20. A) They will remain where they are.
B) They will leave this area for ever.
C) They will turn to experts for advice.
D) They will seek shelter in nearby regions.
Part II Reading
Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B) C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
When global warming finally came, it stuck with a vengeance (异乎寻常地). In some regions, temperatures rose several degrees in less than a century. Sea levels shot up nearly 400 feet, flooding coastal settlements and forcing people to migrate inland. Deserts spread throughout the world as vegetation shifted drastically in North America, Europe and
As environmentalists convene in Rio de Janeiro this week to ponder the global climate of the future, earth scientists are in the midst of a revolution in understanding how climate has changed in the past — and how those changes have transformed human existence. Researchers have begun to piece together an illuminating picture of the powerful geological and astronomical forces that have combined to change the planet’s environment from hot to cold, wet to dry and back again over a time period stretching back hundreds of millions of years.
Most important, scientists are beginning to realize that the climatic changes have had a major impact on the evolution of the human species. New research now suggests that climate shifts have played a key role in nearly every significant turning point in human evolution: from the dawn of primates (灵长目动物) some 65 million years ago to human ancestors rising up to walk on two legs, from the huge expansion of the human brain to the rise of agriculture. Indeed, the human history has not been merely touched by global climate change, some scientists argue, it has in some instances been driven by it.
The new research has profound implications for the environmental summit in
21. Farming emerged as a survival strategy because man had been obliged ______.
A) to give up his former way of life
B) to leave the coastal areas
C) to follow the ever-shifting vegetation
D) to abandon his original settlement
22. Earth scientists have come to understand that climate ______.
A) is going through a fundamental change
B) has been getting warmer for 10,000 years
C) will eventually change from hot to cold
D) has gone through periodical changes
23. Scientists believe that human evolution ______.
A) has seldom been accompanied by climatic changes
B) has exerted little influence on climatic changes
C) has largely been effected by climatic changes
D) has had a major impact on climatic changes
24. Evidence of past climatic changes indicates that ______.
A) human activities have accelerated changes of Earth’s environment
B) Earth’s environment will remain mild despite human interference
C) Earth’s climate is bound to change significantly in the future
D) Earth’s climate is unlikely to undergo substantial changes in the future
25. The message the author wishes to convey in the passage is that ______.
A) human civilization remains glorious though it is affected by climatic changes
B) mankind is virtually helpless in the face of the dramatic changes of climate
C) man has to limit his activities to slow down the global warming process
D) human civilization will continue to develop in spite of the changes of nature
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
No woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess (公爵夫人) of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue.
The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes. Consequently, I have been on a diet for the better — or worse — part of my life. Being rich wouldn’t be bad either, but that won’t happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land, leaving me millions of dollars.
Where did we go off the track? When did eating butter become a sin, and a little bit of extra flesh unappealing, if not repellent? All religions have certain days when people refrain from eating and excessive eating is one of Christianity’s seven deadly sins. However, until quite recently, most people had a problem getting enough to eat. In some religious groups, wealth was a symbol of probable salvation and high morals, and fatness a sign of wealth and well-being.
Today the opposite is true. We have shifted to thinness as our new mark of virtue. The result is that being fat — or even only somewhat overweight — is bad because it implies a lack of moral strength.
Our obsession (迷恋) with thinness is also fueled by health concerns. It is true that in this country we have more overweight people than ever before, and that, in many cases, being over-weight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. These diseases, however, many have as much to do with our way of life and our high-fat diets as with excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer in the digestive system may be more of a dietary problem — too much fat and a lack of fiber — than a weight problem.
The real concern, then, is not that we weigh too much, but that we neither exercise enough nor eat well. Exercise is necessary for strong bones and both heart and lung health. A balanced diet without a lot of fat can also help the body avoid many diseases. We should surely stop paying so much attention to weight. Simply being thin is not enough. It is actually hazardous if those who get (or already are) thin think they are automatically healthy and thus free form paying attention to their overall life-style. Thinness can be pure vainglory (虚荣).
26. In the eyes of the author, an odd phenomenon nowadays is that ______.
A) the Duchess of
B) looking slim is a symbol of having a large fortune
C) being thin is viewed as a much desired quality
D) religious people are not necessarily virtuous
27. Swept by the prevailing trend, the author ______.
A) had to go on a diet for the greater part of her life
B) could still prevent herself from going off the track
C) had to seek help from rich distant relatives
D) had to wear highly fashionable clothes
28. In human history, people’s views on body weight ______.
A) were closely related to their religious beliefs
B) changed from time to time
C) varied between the poor and the rich
D) led to different oral standards
29. The author criticizes women’s obsession with thinness ______.
A) from an economic and educational perspective
B) from sociological and medical points of view
C) from a historical and religious standpoint
D) in the light of moral principles
30. What’s the author’s advice to women who are absorbed in the idea of thinness?
A) They should be more concerned with their overall lifestyle.
B) They should be more watchful for fatal diseases.
C) They should gain weight to look healthy.
D) They should rid themselves of fantasies about designer clothes.
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
War may be a natural expression of biological instincts and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality (守卫地盘的天性) are expressed through acts of violence. Theses are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate (天生的) survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence cannot be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical (道德上的) patterns within which human violence has been directed.
The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more developed a legal system becomes, the more society takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committed the offense. But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused. The society assumes the responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In cases where they cannot be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishment. In a sate controlled legal system, individuals are removed from the cycle of revenge motivated by acts of violence, and the state assumes responsibility for their protection.
The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus. While the one protects the individual from violence, the other sacrifices the individual to violence in the interests of the state. In war the state affirms its supreme power over the individuals within its own borders. War is not simply a trial by combat to settle disputes between states; it is the moment when the state makes its most powerful demands upon its people for their recommitment, allegiance, and supreme sacrifice. Times of war test a community’s deepest religious and ethical commitments.
31. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that ______.
A) it threatens the existing social systems